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Isabella Bird (1831-1904) was a British writer, explorer, photographer, and naturalist. Born in Yorkshire, Bird suffered from a spinal ailment from a young age. On her doctor's recommendation, Bird's parents facilitated an adventurous life for their young daughter, traveling throughout Scotland, educating her in botany and other scientific subjects, and teaching her to ride horses. These experiences and her need for exercise and fresh air inspired a life of adventure. Bird travelled to America in 1854, writing letters home that would form the material for her first book, An Englishwoman in America (1856). In 1872, Bird sailed to Australia and Hawaii before journeying to Colorado, where she explored over 800 miles of the Rocky Mountains and began her most famous work of travel literature, A Lady's Life in the Rocky Mountains (1879). In 1878, she traveled to Japan, China, Korea, Singapore, and Vietnam before returning to Britain to marry Dr. John Bishop, a surgeon. When he died in 1886, leaving Bird a large inheritance, she left home once more to explore India, Persia, Kurdistan, Turkey, Iraq, and Iran. After years on the road as a missionary and healthcare worker, having achieved success and popularity as a travel writer and photographer, Bird was made the first woman member of the Royal Geographical Society in 1892.
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