A revised edition of the last major work of the Oxford philosopher R.G. Collingwood. For this edition David Boucher has added valuable unpublished material from Collingwood's manuscripts.

The New Leviathan, originally published in 1942, a few months before the author's death, is the book which R. G. Collingwood chose to write in preference to completing his life's work on the philosophy of history. It was a reaction to the Second World War and the threat which Nazism and Fascism constituted to civilization. The book draws upon many years of work in moral and political philosophy and attempts to establish the multiple and complex connections between the levels of consciousness, society, civilization, and barbarism. Collingwood argues that traditional social contract theory has failed to account for the continuing existence of the non-social community and its relation to the social community in the body politic. He is also critical of the tendency within ethics to confound right and duty. The publication of additional manuscript material in this revised edition demonstrates in more detail how Collingwood was determined to show that right and duty occupy different levels of rational practical consciousness. The additional material also contains Collingwood's unequivocal rejection of relativism. David Boucher's introduction shows that The New Leviathan and The Idea of History are integrally related and that neither can be properly understood independently of the other. He is also concerned to show how many of Collingwood's ideas have a contemporary relevance, and that his ideas on barbarism are not so unusual as they might at first appear.

'Boucher does not only put Collingwood's political and moral philosophy, as elaborated in The New Leviathan, together with Hobbe's, Locke's, and Rousseau's, but also with Rawls' and MacIntyre's... Boucher's exposition of Collingwood's political-philosophical position in The New Leviathan is extremely interesting and clarifying.' (translation) Guido Vanheeswijck